When I mentioned I was looking into how to publish my Rooksbridge stories to iPad’s “iBookstore,” Jeff Tidball asked me to, once I figured it out, share the answers. Thus, this post.
First of all, unlike Kindle’s Digital Text Platform, it’s not as easy as going to a website and uploading an HTML file. Where Kindle is relatively open and “anybody” can publish there, Apple only allows a small number of “certified content aggregators” to publish to iBooks. Most of these are big publishing houses, but also in the list are Lulu and Smashwords, both of which are self-publishing outfits. So if you want to publish to the iBookstore and you don’t want to submit your manuscript, deal with house editors, get a book contract, and all that mess, you’ll be using one of these two options.
My first choice was Lulu, which I had worked with before and which accepts files in ePub, an open format useful for other applications. However, Lulu’s process does not, at this time, seem to work. Their ePub validation fails to validate files that clear other validators and does not return error messages. Their for-pay ‘ePub Conversion Service’ turns out files riddled with formatting errors. So they refuse your file, don’t tell you why, offer to charge you money to do it themselves, and do it poorly on top of that. So I’ll be investigating Smashwords tomorrow.
I’ll write “Part 2″ of this process soon; in the mean time, if you’d like to check out the ePub process or the first few layers of the Lulu process (before you hit the layer of utter failure), read on…
ePub
So the first step is turning your content into an .epub file. I’ve found this great tutorial at jedisaber.com which shows you how. All you need is a text editor and a .zip program*, because .epub is basically a set of XML and XHTML files inside a .zip archive that’s just been renamed to .epub. The tutorial has a ‘hollowed out’ .epub file ready to use as a template**. I don’t want to repeat every step that’s in the tutorial, but the basic strokes are: dump your content into the chapterX.xhtml files (which is stupid-easy if you store your content in XML, which you should because of this very thing), update the index file with where to find what, and then enter all your metadata (author, publisher, etc). Then zip it back up and rename the .zip file into an .epub file.
As a side note, if you publish to Kindle as well, your .epub can use the same XHTML files that you upload to Amazon… and if you don’t publish to Kindle, well, now you’ve got a suitable file, so go set up a new revenue stream.
*What this tutorial will not tell you is you cannot use the Mac OS X built-in compression feature, because that function re-orders your files within the archive and adds invisible files that mux things up. After much frustration, I used Springy, a little utility that makes proper archives. And while we’re on the topic of ‘proper’ archives, when you use Springy, make sure you add the mimetype file to the archive first and use the “Store (no compression)” option. Then dump in the rest using the “Deflate (standard)” option.
**The other thing is that the sample file available at the tutorial isn’t quite up to spec. It may have been obsolesced by a new epub standard or something — I’m not researching why it fails, you can do that for extra credit, if you like — but the thing of it is that sample.epub fails validation for a handful of reasons. Its xhtml files must be resaved as UTF-16 text encoding, and content.opf’s line 14 needs its media-type changed to “application/x-dtbncx+xml”. Or you could just use my file as a template.
You will want to validate your ePub, and there is a handy web app from Threepress Consulting that will check it for you. Apple will have its own validation process that checks this and a few other things, so make sure your file is clean here before proceeding.
Lulu
Publishing to iBooks through Lulu is relatively straightforward, with two caveats (besides it not, you know, working). The first is that Lulu will slap its own ISBN onto your iBooks ebook (that seems redundant…). This means that the publisher of record, at least as far as ISBN is concerned, will be Lulu. On the up side, this ISBN is only for the ebook version, and Lulu will “give” you the ISBN for free (whereas Bowker will charge you a chunk of change). The second caveat is that Lulu only accepts .epub files for publishing to iBooks (could be worse: Smashwords only accepts .doc), which are notoriously difficult to produce well (and very easy to produce poorly).
Lulu has been doing the self-publishing for years, so it’s got its ducks in a row. You start a new eBook project, you upload your ePub, you set some metadata (for some reason all iBook prices need to end in .99), and then it wants a cover image. I already have cover images set up for rooksbridge.com and for print production, but of course these weren’t the right size. One quick crop later, and I uploaded the cover file (and turned off their text-overlay of the title and author). Lastly, you click the prominently displayed check box labeled “iBooks Distribution Service.”
…except there is no such check box.
While their “we do iBooks” page is flashy and slick and looks like they’ve got their shit together, well… the truth of the matter is that it’s still a new service and there’s a guy at Lulu that’s got to flip some bits for you. You’ll find this out if you dig through the Lulu Knowledge Base to find the How to get your book in Apple’s iBookstore (Authors) article. Yes, it’s another tutorial.
Luckily, this one is short. The skinny is: set up an ebook with the handy-dandy ebook wizard (which is relatively straightforward) and then “buy” this free product. Putting this product (which is “free for a limited time”) into your cart adds you to a queue, and one of Lulu’s people will contact you by email in “two business days.”
I got my response the day after I “bought” the submission service. The email reminded me that the ebook needed to pass ePub validation and asked for the Lulu ID number of the project I wanted submitted to the iBookstore. Presumably I might have other eBooks published through Lulu, and since the submission service is presently bound to my account and not a specific project, they need to know which to send. The email then advised me that the submission process might take 4 to 6 weeks to complete. The kicker of course being that, if Apple refuses the file (which it reserves the right to do), Lulu won’t actually tell me; I have to keep tabs on the iBookstore (which, without an iPad, is difficult…) and if my book doesn’t appear, then I contact Lulu again.
Of course, this process ended with emails from Lulu claiming my files did not validate, not giving me any reason why they did not validate, and the “resolving the case” so I couldn’t reply for more details. I did a little research on their own support forums and found this same story repeated over and over again. Perhaps someday Lulu will get their act together and become a conduit for self-published content making its way to the iBookstore; that day is not today.